Linux Standard Base Trial Use Specification 4.1

Linux Standard Base Trial Use Specification 4.1
LSB Trial Use Specification 
Copyright © 2010 Linux Foundation
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.1; with no Invariant Sections, with no Front-Cover Texts, and with no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU Free Documentation License".
Portions of the text may be copyrighted by the following parties:
•	The Regents of the University of California
•	Free Software Foundation
•	Ian F. Darwin
•	Paul Vixie
•	BSDI (now Wind River)
•	Andrew G Morgan
•	Jean-loup Gailly and Mark Adler
•	Massachusetts Institute of Technology
•	Apple Inc.
•	Easy Software Products
•	artofcode LLC
•	Till Kamppeter
•	Manfred Wassman
•	Python Software Foundation
These excerpts are being used in accordance with their respective licenses.
Linux is the registered trademark of Linus Torvalds in the U.S. and other countries.
UNIX is a registered trademark of The Open Group.
LSB is a trademark of the Linux Foundation in the United States and other countries.
AMD is a trademark of Advanced Micro Devices, Inc.
Intel and Itanium are registered trademarks and Intel386 is a trademark of Intel Corporation.
PowerPC is a registered trademark and PowerPC Architecture is a trademark of the IBM Corporation.
S/390 is a registered trademark of the IBM Corporation.
OpenGL is a registered trademark of Silicon Graphics, Inc.

Contents
I Introductory Elements	000
1 Scope	000
2 Normative References	000
3 Requirements	000
4 Terms and Definitions	000
5 Documentation Conventions	000
II Trial Use Module	000
6 Trial Use Module	000
6.1 Introduction	000
A GNU Free Documentation License (Informative)	000
A.1 PREAMBLE	000
A.2 APPLICABILITY AND DEFINITIONS	000
A.3 VERBATIM COPYING	000
A.4 COPYING IN QUANTITY	000
A.5 MODIFICATIONS	000
A.6 COMBINING DOCUMENTS	000
A.7 COLLECTIONS OF DOCUMENTS	000
A.8 AGGREGATION WITH INDEPENDENT WORKS	000
A.9 TRANSLATION	000
A.10 TERMINATION	000
A.11 FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE	000
A.12 How to use this License for your documents	000

Foreword
This is version 4.1 of the Trial Use Specification. This specification augments the series of volumes released under the collective title Linux Standard Base:
•	Core
•	C++
•	Desktop
•	Languages
•	Printing
Note that the Core, C++ and Desktop volumes consist of a generic volume augmented by an architecture-specific volume.
This document describes components which have Trial Use Specification status, and as such there is no formal compliance process for this specification. Implementations may claim to provide these components in a manner that agrees with this specification, but such a claim is not part of a conformance statement for the LSB version in which this module appears.
Applications may not assume that the components of this specification are present or operate as described in this specification on any given implementation.

Status of this Document
This document is a complement to the released specification. Other documents may supersede or augment this document. A list of current Linux Standard Base (LSB) specifications is available at http://refspecs.linuxfoundation.org (http://refspecs.linuxfoundation.org/).
If you wish to make comments regarding this document in a manner that is tracked by the LSB project, please submit them using our public bug database at http://bugs.linuxbase.org. Please enter your feedback, carefully indicating the title of the section for which you are submitting feedback, and the volume and version of the specification where you found the problem, quoting the incorrect text if appropriate. If you are suggesting a new feature, please indicate what the problem you are trying to solve is. That is more important than the solution, in fact.
If you do not have or wish to create a bug database account then you can also e-mail feedback to <lsb-discuss@lists.linuxfoundation.org> (subscribe (http://lists.linux-foundation.org/mailman/listinfo/lsb-discuss), archives (http://lists.linux-foundation.org/pipermail/lsb-discuss/)), and arrangements will be made to transpose the comments to our public bug database.

Introduction
The Trial Use Specification describes components which may or may not be present on an otherwise conforming system. The purpose is to indicate that these components are on a Standards Track, that is, they are intended to become part of the LSB Specification in a future edition.
This document should be used in conjunction with the documents it references. Information referenced in this way is as much a part of this document as is the information explicitly included here.

I Introductory Elements

1 Scope
The Trial Use Specification defines components which are not required parts of the LSB Specification.
As of version 4.1 there are no specified elements in Linux Standard Base Trial Use Specification.

2 Normative References
The specifications listed below are referenced in whole or in part by the Trial Use Specification. Such references may be normative or informative; a reference to specification shall only be considered normative if it is explicitly cited as such. The Trial Use Specification may make normative references to a portion of these specifications (that is, to define a specific function or group of functions); in such cases, only the explicitly referenced portion of the specification is to be considered normative.

3 Requirements
None as of this version.

4 Terms and Definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms given in ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2, Annex H and the following apply.
archLSB
 	Some LSB specification documents have both a generic, architecture-neutral part and an architecture-specific part. The latter describes elements whose definitions may be unique to a particular processor architecture. The term archLSB may be used in the generic part to refer to the corresponding section of the architecture-specific part.
Binary Standard, ABI
 	The total set of interfaces that are available to be used in the compiled binary code of a conforming application, including the run-time details such as calling conventions, binary format, C++ name mangling, etc.
Implementation-defined
 	Describes a value or behavior that is not defined by this document but is selected by an implementor. The value or behavior may vary among implementations that conform to this document. An application should not rely on the existence of the value or behavior. An application that relies on such a value or behavior cannot be assured to be portable across conforming implementations. The implementor shall document such a value or behavior so that it can be used correctly by an application.
Shell Script
 	A file that is read by an interpreter (e.g., awk). The first line of the shell script includes a reference to its interpreter binary.
Source Standard, API
 	The total set of interfaces that are available to be used in the source code of a conforming application. Due to translations, the Binary Standard and the Source Standard may contain some different interfaces.
Undefined
 	Describes the nature of a value or behavior not defined by this document which results from use of an invalid program construct or invalid data input. The value or behavior may vary among implementations that conform to this document. An application should not rely on the existence or validity of the value or behavior. An application that relies on any particular value or behavior cannot be assured to be portable across conforming implementations.
Unspecified
 	Describes the nature of a value or behavior not specified by this document which results from use of a valid program construct or valid data input. The value or behavior may vary among implementations that conform to this document. An application should not rely on the existence or validity of the value or behavior. An application that relies on any particular value or behavior cannot be assured to be portable across conforming implementations.
In addition, for the portions of this specification which build on IEEE Std 1003.1-2001, the definitions given in IEEE Std 1003.1-2001, Base Definitions, Chapter 3 apply.

5 Documentation Conventions
Throughout this document, the following typographic conventions are used: 
function()
 	the name of a function
command
 	the name of a command or utility
CONSTANT
 	a constant value
parameter
 	a parameter
variable
 	a variable
Throughout this specification, several tables of interfaces are presented. Each entry in these tables has the following format: 
name
 	the name of the interface
(symver)
 	An optional symbol version identifier, if required.
[refno]
 	A reference number indexing the table of referenced specifications that follows this table.
For example, 
forkpty(GLIBC_2.0) [SUSv3]	

refers to the interface named forkpty() with symbol version GLIBC_2.0 that is defined in the SUSv3 reference. 
Note: For symbols with versions which differ between architectures, the symbol versions are defined in the architecture specific parts of ISO/IEC 23360 only.

II Trial Use Module

6 Trial Use Module
6.1 Introduction
The Trial Use Module decribes components in Trial Use status. Trial Use Specifications are non-mandatory components of the Linux Standard Base.
As of version 4.1 there are no specified elements in this module.

Annex A GNU Free Documentation License (Informative)
This specification is published under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.1, March 2000
Copyright (C) 2000 Free Software Foundation, Inc. 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
A.1 PREAMBLE
The purpose of this License is to make a manual, textbook, or other written document "free" in the sense of freedom: to assure everyone the effective freedom to copy and redistribute it, with or without modifying it, either commercially or noncommercially. Secondarily, this License preserves for the author and publisher a way to get credit for their work, while not being considered responsible for modifications made by others.
This License is a kind of "copyleft", which means that derivative works of the document must themselves be free in the same sense. It complements the GNU General Public License, which is a copyleft license designed for free software.
We have designed this License in order to use it for manuals for free software, because free software needs free documentation: a free program should come with manuals providing the same freedoms that the software does. But this License is not limited to software manuals; it can be used for any textual work, regardless of subject matter or whether it is published as a printed book. We recommend this License principally for works whose purpose is instruction or reference.
A.2 APPLICABILITY AND DEFINITIONS
This License applies to any manual or other work that contains a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it can be distributed under the terms of this License. The "Document", below, refers to any such manual or work. Any member of the public is a licensee, and is addressed as "you".
A "Modified Version" of the Document means any work containing the Document or a portion of it, either copied verbatim, or with modifications and/or translated into another language.
A "Secondary Section" is a named appendix or a front-matter section of the Document that deals exclusively with the relationship of the publishers or authors of the Document to the Document's overall subject (or to related matters) and contains nothing that could fall directly within that overall subject. (For example, if the Document is in part a textbook of mathematics, a Secondary Section may not explain any mathematics.) The relationship could be a matter of historical connection with the subject or with related matters, or of legal, commercial, philosophical, ethical or political position regarding them.
The "Invariant Sections" are certain Secondary Sections whose titles are designated, as being those of Invariant Sections, in the notice that says that the Document is released under this License.
The "Cover Texts" are certain short passages of text that are listed, as Front-Cover Texts or Back-Cover Texts, in the notice that says that the Document is released under this License.
A "Transparent" copy of the Document means a machine-readable copy, represented in a format whose specification is available to the general public, whose contents can be viewed and edited directly and straightforwardly with generic text editors or (for images composed of pixels) generic paint programs or (for drawings) some widely available drawing editor, and that is suitable for input to text formatters or for automatic translation to a variety of formats suitable for input to text formatters. A copy made in an otherwise Transparent file format whose markup has been designed to thwart or discourage subsequent modification by readers is not Transparent. A copy that is not "Transparent" is called "Opaque".
Examples of suitable formats for Transparent copies include plain ASCII without markup, Texinfo input format, LaTeX input format, SGML or XML using a publicly available DTD, and standard-conforming simple HTML designed for human modification. Opaque formats include PostScript, PDF, proprietary formats that can be read and edited only by proprietary word processors, SGML or XML for which the DTD and/or processing tools are not generally available, and the machine-generated HTML produced by some word processors for output purposes only.
The "Title Page" means, for a printed book, the title page itself, plus such following pages as are needed to hold, legibly, the material this License requires to appear in the title page. For works in formats which do not have any title page as such, "Title Page" means the text near the most prominent appearance of the work's title, preceding the beginning of the body of the text.
A.3 VERBATIM COPYING
You may copy and distribute the Document in any medium, either commercially or noncommercially, provided that this License, the copyright notices, and the license notice saying this License applies to the Document are reproduced in all copies, and that you add no other conditions whatsoever to those of this License. You may not use technical measures to obstruct or control the reading or further copying of the copies you make or distribute. However, you may accept compensation in exchange for copies. If you distribute a large enough number of copies you must also follow the conditions in section 3.
You may also lend copies, under the same conditions stated above, and you may publicly display copies.
A.4 COPYING IN QUANTITY
If you publish printed copies of the Document numbering more than 100, and the Document's license notice requires Cover Texts, you must enclose the copies in covers that carry, clearly and legibly, all these Cover Texts: Front-Cover Texts on the front cover, and Back-Cover Texts on the back cover. Both covers must also clearly and legibly identify you as the publisher of these copies. The front cover must present the full title with all words of the title equally prominent and visible. You may add other material on the covers in addition. Copying with changes limited to the covers, as long as they preserve the title of the Document and satisfy these conditions, can be treated as verbatim copying in other respects.
If the required texts for either cover are too voluminous to fit legibly, you should put the first ones listed (as many as fit reasonably) on the actual cover, and continue the rest onto adjacent pages.
If you publish or distribute Opaque copies of the Document numbering more than 100, you must either include a machine-readable Transparent copy along with each Opaque copy, or state in or with each Opaque copy a publicly-accessible computer-network location containing a complete Transparent copy of the Document, free of added material, which the general network-using public has access to download anonymously at no charge using public-standard network protocols. If you use the latter option, you must take reasonably prudent steps, when you begin distribution of Opaque copies in quantity, to ensure that this Transparent copy will remain thus accessible at the stated location until at least one year after the last time you distribute an Opaque copy (directly or through your agents or retailers) of that edition to the public.
It is requested, but not required, that you contact the authors of the Document well before redistributing any large number of copies, to give them a chance to provide you with an updated version of the Document.
A.5 MODIFICATIONS
You may copy and distribute a Modified Version of the Document under the conditions of sections 2 and 3 above, provided that you release the Modified Version under precisely this License, with the Modified Version filling the role of the Document, thus licensing distribution and modification of the Modified Version to whoever possesses a copy of it. In addition, you must do these things in the Modified Version:
	A.	Use in the Title Page  (and on the covers, if any) a title distinct from that of the  Document, and from those of previous versions (which should, if  there were any, be listed in the History section of the  Document). You may use the same title as a previous version if  the original publisher of that version gives permission.
	B.	List on the Title Page,  as authors, one or more persons or entities responsible for  authorship of the modifications in the Modified Version,  together with at least five of the principal authors of the  Document (all of its principal authors, if it has less than  five).
	C.	State on the Title page  the name of the publisher of the Modified Version, as the  publisher.
	D.	Preserve all the  copyright notices of the Document.
	E.	Add an appropriate  copyright notice for your modifications adjacent to the other  copyright notices.
	F.	Include, immediately  after the copyright notices, a license notice giving the public  permission to use the Modified Version under the terms of this  License, in the form shown in the Addendum below.
	G.	Preserve in that license  notice the full lists of Invariant Sections and required Cover  Texts given in the Document's license notice.
	H.	Include an unaltered  copy of this License.
	I.	Preserve the section  entitled "History", and its title, and add to it an item stating  at least the title, year, new authors, and publisher of the  Modified Version as given on the Title Page. If there is no  section entitled "History" in the Document, create one stating  the title, year, authors, and publisher of the Document as given  on its Title Page, then add an item describing the Modified  Version as stated in the previous sentence.
	J.	Preserve the network  location, if any, given in the Document for public access to a  Transparent copy of the Document, and likewise the network  locations given in the Document for previous versions it was  based on. These may be placed in the "History" section. You  may omit a network location for a work that was published at  least four years before the Document itself, or if the original  publisher of the version it refers to gives permission.
	K.	In any section entitled  "Acknowledgements" or "Dedications", preserve the section's  title, and preserve in the section all the substance and tone of  each of the contributor acknowledgements and/or dedications  given therein.
	L.	Preserve all the  Invariant Sections of the Document, unaltered in their text and  in their titles. Section numbers or the equivalent are not  considered part of the section titles.
	M.	Delete any section  entitled "Endorsements". Such a section may not be included in  the Modified Version.
	N.	Do not retitle any  existing section as "Endorsements" or to conflict in title with  any Invariant Section.
If the Modified Version includes new front-matter sections or appendices that qualify as Secondary Sections and contain no material copied from the Document, you may at your option designate some or all of these sections as invariant. To do this, add their titles to the list of Invariant Sections in the Modified Version's license notice. These titles must be distinct from any other section titles.
You may add a section entitled "Endorsements", provided it contains nothing but endorsements of your Modified Version by various parties--for example, statements of peer review or that the text has been approved by an organization as the authoritative definition of a standard.
You may add a passage of up to five words as a Front-Cover Text, and a passage of up to 25 words as a Back-Cover Text, to the end of the list of Cover Texts in the Modified Version. Only one passage of Front-Cover Text and one of Back-Cover Text may be added by (or through arrangements made by) any one entity. If the Document already includes a cover text for the same cover, previously added by you or by arrangement made by the same entity you are acting on behalf of, you may not add another; but you may replace the old one, on explicit permission from the previous publisher that added the old one.
The author(s) and publisher(s) of the Document do not by this License give permission to use their names for publicity for or to assert or imply endorsement of any Modified Version.
A.6 COMBINING DOCUMENTS
You may combine the Document with other documents released under this License, under the terms defined in section 4 above for modified versions, provided that you include in the combination all of the Invariant Sections of all of the original documents, unmodified, and list them all as Invariant Sections of your combined work in its license notice.
The combined work need only contain one copy of this License, and multiple identical Invariant Sections may be replaced with a single copy. If there are multiple Invariant Sections with the same name but different contents, make the title of each such section unique by adding at the end of it, in parentheses, the name of the original author or publisher of that section if known, or else a unique number. Make the same adjustment to the section titles in the list of Invariant Sections in the license notice of the combined work.
In the combination, you must combine any sections entitled "History" in the various original documents, forming one section entitled "History"; likewise combine any sections entitled "Acknowledgements", and any sections entitled "Dedications". You must delete all sections entitled "Endorsements."
A.7 COLLECTIONS OF DOCUMENTS
You may make a collection consisting of the Document and other documents released under this License, and replace the individual copies of this License in the various documents with a single copy that is included in the collection, provided that you follow the rules of this License for verbatim copying of each of the documents in all other respects.
You may extract a single document from such a collection, and distribute it individually under this License, provided you insert a copy of this License into the extracted document, and follow this License in all other respects regarding verbatim copying of that document.
A.8 AGGREGATION WITH INDEPENDENT WORKS
A compilation of the Document or its derivatives with other separate and independent documents or works, in or on a volume of a storage or distribution medium, does not as a whole count as a Modified Version of the Document, provided no compilation copyright is claimed for the compilation. Such a compilation is called an "aggregate", and this License does not apply to the other self-contained works thus compiled with the Document, on account of their being thus compiled, if they are not themselves derivative works of the Document.
If the Cover Text requirement of section 3 is applicable to these copies of the Document, then if the Document is less than one quarter of the entire aggregate, the Document's Cover Texts may be placed on covers that surround only the Document within the aggregate. Otherwise they must appear on covers around the whole aggregate.
A.9 TRANSLATION
Translation is considered a kind of modification, so you may distribute translations of the Document under the terms of section 4. Replacing Invariant Sections with translations requires special permission from their copyright holders, but you may include translations of some or all Invariant Sections in addition to the original versions of these Invariant Sections. You may include a translation of this License provided that you also include the original English version of this License. In case of a disagreement between the translation and the original English version of this License, the original English version will prevail.
A.10 TERMINATION
You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Document except as expressly provided for under this License. Any other attempt to copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Document is void, and will automatically terminate your rights under this License. However, parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under this License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such parties remain in full compliance.
A.11 FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE
The Free Software Foundation may publish new, revised versions of the GNU Free Documentation License from time to time. Such new versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to address new problems or concerns. See http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/.
Each version of the License is given a distinguishing version number. If the Document specifies that a particular numbered version of this License "or any later version" applies to it, you have the option of following the terms and conditions either of that specified version or of any later version that has been published (not as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation. If the Document does not specify a version number of this License, you may choose any version ever published (not as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation.
A.12 How to use this License for your documents
To use this License in a document you have written, include a copy of the License in the document and put the following copyright and license notices just after the title page:
Copyright (c) YEAR YOUR NAME. Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.1 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with the Invariant Sections being LIST THEIR TITLES, with the Front-Cover Texts being LIST, and with the Back-Cover Texts being LIST. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU Free Documentation License".
If you have no Invariant Sections, write "with no Invariant Sections" instead of saying which ones are invariant. If you have no Front-Cover Texts, write "no Front-Cover Texts" instead of "Front-Cover Texts being LIST"; likewise for Back-Cover Texts.
If your document contains nontrivial examples of program code, we recommend releasing these examples in parallel under your choice of free software license, such as the GNU General Public License, to permit their use in free software.