Linux Standard Base Specification for the IA32 Architecture 1.2


Table of Contents
I. Introduction
1. Introduction
Introduction
Purpose
Related Standards
Relevant Libraries
How to Use this Standard
Definitions
Terminology
II. Low Level System Information
2. Machine Interface
Processor Architecture
Data Representation
3. Function Calling Sequence
CPU Registers
Floating Point Registers
Stack Frame
Arguments
Return Values
4. Operating System Interface
Virtual Address Space
Processor Execution Mode
Exception Interface
Signal Delivery
5. Process Initialization
Special Registers
Process Stack (on entry)
Auxilliary Vectors
Environment
6. Coding Examples
Code Model Overview/Architecture Constraints
Position-Independent Fucntion Prologue
Data Objects
Function Calls
Branching
7. C Stack Frame
Variable Argument List
Dynamic Allocation of Stack Space
8. Debug Information
III. Object Format
9. ELF Header
Machine Information
10. Special Sections
Special Sections
11. Symbol Table
12. Relocation
Relocation Types
IV. Program Loading and Dynamic Linking
13. Program Header
Types
Flags
14. Program Loading
15. Dynamic Linking
Program Interpreter/Dynamic Linker
Dynamic Section
Global Offset Table
Shared Object Dependencies
Function Addresses
Procedure Linkage Table
Initialization and Termination Functions
V. Base Libraries
16. Libraries
Interfaces for libc
Data Definitions for libc
Interfaces Definitions for libc
Interfaces for libm
Data Definitions for libm
Interfaces for libpthread
Data Definitions for libpthread
Interfaces for libdl
Data Definitions for libdl
Interfaces for libcrypt
Data Definitions for libcrypt
VI. Package Format and Installation
17. Software Installation
Package Architecture Considerations
A. Alphabetical Listing of Interfaces
libc
B. GNU Free Documentation License
PREAMBLE
APPLICABILITY AND DEFINITIONS
VERBATIM COPYING
COPYING IN QUANTITY
MODIFICATIONS
COMBINING DOCUMENTS
COLLECTIONS OF DOCUMENTS
AGGREGATION WITH INDEPENDENT WORKS
TRANSLATION
TERMINATION
FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE
How to use this License for your documents
List of Tables
1-1. Related Standards
1-2. Standard Library Names
2-1. Scalar Types
10-1. ELF Special Sections
10-2. Additional Special Sections
16-1. libc Definition
16-2. libc - RPC Function Interfaces
16-3. libc - System Calls Function Interfaces
16-4. libc - Standard I/O Function Interfaces
16-5. libc - Standard I/O Data Interfaces
16-6. libc - Signal Handling Function Interfaces
16-7. libc - Signal Handling Data Interfaces
16-8. libc - Standard Library Function Interfaces
16-9. libc - Standard Library Data Interfaces
16-10. libc - Localization Functions Function Interfaces
16-11. libc - Localization Functions Data Interfaces
16-12. libc - Socket Interface Function Interfaces
16-13. libc - Wide Characters Function Interfaces
16-14. libc - String Functions Function Interfaces
16-15. libc - IPC Functions Function Interfaces
16-16. libc - Regular Expressions Function Interfaces
16-17. libc - Regular Expressions Data Interfaces
16-18. libc - Character Type Functions Function Interfaces
16-19. libc - Character Type Functions Data Interfaces
16-20. libc - Time Manipulation Function Interfaces
16-21. libc - Time Manipulation Data Interfaces
16-22. libc - Terminal Interface Functions Function Interfaces
16-23. libc - System Database Interface Function Interfaces
16-24. libc - Language Support Function Interfaces
16-25. libc - Large File Support Function Interfaces
16-26. libm Definition
16-27. libm - Math Function Interfaces
16-28. libm - Math Data Interfaces
16-29. libpthread Definition
16-30. libpthread - Posix Threads Function Interfaces
16-31. libdl Definition
16-32. libcrypt Definition
A-1. libc Function Interfaces

Chapter 1. Introduction


Purpose

The Linux Standard Base (LSB) defines a system interface for compiled applications and a minimal environment for support of installation scripts. Its purpose is to enable a uniform industry standard environment for high-volume applications conforming to the LSB.

The LSB defines a binary interface for application programs that are compiled and packaged for LSB-conforming implementations on many different hardware architectures. Since a binary specification must include information specific to the computer processor architecture for which it is intended, it is not possible for a single document to specify the interface for all possible LSB-conforming implementations. Therefore, the LSB is a family of specifications, rather than a single one.

The LSB is composed of two basic parts: A common part of the specification describes those parts of the interface that remain constant across all hardware implementations of the LSB, and an architecture-specific part of the specification describes the parts of the specification that are specific to a particular processor architecture. Together, the generic LSB and the architecture-specific supplement for a single hardware architecture provide a complete interface specification for compiled application programs on systems that share a common hardware architecture.

This document is the architecture-specific supplement. It must be used in conjunction with the generic LSB. This document provides architecture-specific information that supplements the generic LSB as well as additional information that is not found in the generic LSB.

This document should be used in conjunction with the documents it references. This document enumerates the system components it includes, but descriptions of those components may be included entirely or partly in this document, partly in other documents, or entirely in other reference documents. For example, the section that describes system service routines includes a list of the system routines supported in this interface, formal declarations of the data structures they use that are visible to applications, and a pointer to the underlying referenced specification for information about the syntax and semantics of each call. Only those routines not described in standards referenced by this document, or extensions to those standards, are described in the detail. Information referenced in this way is as much a part of this document as is the information explicitly included here.


Related Standards

The specifications listed below are referenced in whole or in part by the Linux Standard Base. Such references may be normative or non-normative; a reference to specification shall only be considered normative if it is explicitly cited as such. The LSB may make normative references to a portion of these specifications (that is, to define a specific function or group of functions); in such cases, only the explicitly referenced portion of the specification is to be considered normative.

Table 1-1. Related Standards

System V Application Binary Interface - DRAFT - 22 June 2000http://www.caldera.com/developers/gabi/2000-07-17/contents.html
Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS) 2.2http://www.pathname.com/fhs/
IEEE Standard for Binary Floating-Point Arithmetichttp://www.ieee.org/
System V Application Binary Interface, Edition 4.1http://www.caldera.com/developers/devspecs/gabi41.pdf
The IA-32 Intel® Architecture Software Developer's Manual Volume 1: Basic Architecturehttp://developer.intel.com/design/pentium4/manuals/245470.htm
The IA-32 Intel® Architecture Software Developer's Manual Volume 2: Instruction Set Referencehttp://developer.intel.com/design/pentium4/manuals/245471.htm
The IA-32 Intel® Architecture Software Developer's Manual Volume 3: System Programming Guidehttp://developer.intel.com/design/pentium4/manuals/245472.htm
System V Application Binary Interface - Intel386™ Architecture Processor Supplement, Fourth Editionhttp://www.caldera.com/developers/devspecs/abi386-4.pdf
ISO/IEC 9899: 1990, Programming Languages --C
ISO/IEC 9899: 1999, Programming Languages --C
Linux Assigned Names And Numbers Authorityhttp://www.lanana.org/
Large File Supporthttp://www.UNIX-systems.org/version2/whatsnew/lfs20mar.html
LI18NUX 2000 Globalization Specification, Version 1.0 with Amendment 4http://www.li18nux.org/docs/html/LI18NUX-2000-amd4.htm
Linux Standard Basehttp://www.linuxbase.org/spec/
OpenGL® Application Binary Interface for Linuxhttp://oss.sgi.com/projects/ogl-sample/ABI/
IEEE Std POSIX 1003.2-1992 (ISO/IEC 9945-2:1993)http://www.ieee.org/
System V Application Binary Interface PowerPC Processor Supplementhttp://www.esofta.com/pdfs/SVR4abippc.pdf
POSIX 1003.1chttp://www.ieee.org/
CAE Specification, May 1996, X/Open Curses, Issue 4, Version 2 (ISBN: 1-85912-171-3, C610), plus Corrigendum U018http://www.opengroup.org/
CAE Specification, January 1997, System Interface Definitions (XBD), Issue 5 (ISBN: 1-85912-186-1, C605)http://www.opengroup.org/
CAE Specification, January 1997, Commands and Utilities (XCU), Issue 5 (ISBN: 1-85912-191-8, C604)http://www.opengroup.org/
CAE Specification, February 1997, Networking Services (XNS), Issue 5 (ISBN: 1-85912-165-9, C523)http://www.opengroup.org/
CAE Specification, January 1997, System Interfaces and Headers (XSH), Issue 5 (ISBN: 1-85912-181-0, C606)http://www.opengroup.org/
The Single UNIX® Specification(SUS) Version 1 (UNIX 95) System Interfaces & Headershttp://www.opengroup.org/
System V Interface Definition, Issue 3 (ISBN 0201566524)
System V Interface Definition,Fourth Edition
Double Buffer Extension Libraryhttp://www.x.org/
X Display Power Management Signaling (DPMS) Extension, Library Specificationhttp://www.x.org/
X Record Extension Libraryhttp://www.x.org/
Security Extension Specification, Version 7.1http://www.x.org/
X Nonrectangular Window Shape Extension Library Version 1.0http://www.x.org/
MIT-SHM--The MIT Shared Memory Extensionhttp://www.x.org/
X Synchronization Extension Libraryhttp://www.x.org/
XTEST Extension Libraryhttp://www.x.org/
X11R6.4 X Inter-Client Exchange (ICE) Protocolhttp://www.x.org/
X11R6.4 X11 Input Extension Libraryhttp://www.x.org/
X11R6.4 Xlib - C libraryhttp://www.x.org/
X/Open Portability Guide, Issue 4http://www.opengroup.org/
X11R6.4 X Session Management Libraryhttp://www.x.org/
X11R6.4 X Toolkit Intrinsicshttp://www.x.org/
zlib 1.1.3 Manualhttp://www.gzip.org/zlib/

Definitions

gLSB

The common part of the LSB Specification that describes those parts of the interface that remain constant across all hardware implementations of the LSB.

archLSB

The architectural part of the LSB Specification which describes the specific parts of the interface that are platform specific. The archLSB is complementary to the gLSB.

LSB Implementation Conformance

An implementation satisfying the following requirements:

  1. The implementation shall implement fully the architecture described in the hardware manual for the target processor architecture.

  2. The implementation shall be capable of executing compiled applications having the format and using the system interfaces described in this document.

  3. The implementation shall provide libraries containing the interfaces specified by this document, and shall provide a dynamic linking mechanism that allows these interfaces to be attached to applications at runtime. All the interfaces shall behave as specified in this document.

  4. The map of virtual memory provided by the implementation shall conform to the requirements of this document.

  5. The implementation's low-level behavior with respect to function call linkage, system traps, signals, and other such activities shall conform to the formats described in this document.

  6. The implementation shall provide all of the mandatory interfaces in their entirety.

  7. The implementation may provide one or more of the optional interfaces. Each optional interface that is provided shall be provided in its entirety. The product documentation shall state which optional interfaces are provided.

  8. The implementation shall provide all files and utilities specified as part of this document in the format defined here and in other referenced documents. All commands and utilities shall behave as required by this document. The implementation shall also provide all mandatory components of an application's runtime environment that are included or referenced in this document.

  9. The implementation, when provided with standard data formats and values at a named interface, shall provide the behavior defined for those values and data formats at that interface. However, a conforming implementation may consist of components which are separately packaged and/or sold. For example, a vendor of a conforming implementation might sell the hardware, operating system, and windowing system as separately packaged items.

  10. The implementation may provide additional interfaces with different names. It may also provide additional behavior corresponding to data values outside the standard ranges, for standard named interfaces.

LSB Application Conformance

An application with the following characteristics:

  1. Its executable files are either shell scripts or object files in the format defined for the Object File Format system interface.

  2. Its object files participate in dynamic linking as defined in the Program Loading and Linking System interface.

  3. It employs only the instructions, traps, and other low-level facilities defined in the Low-Level System interface as being for use by applications.

  4. If it requires any optional interface defined in this document in order to be installed or to execute successfully, the requirement for that optional interface is stated in the application's documentation.

  5. It does not use any interface or data format that is not required to be provided by a conforming implementation, unless:

  6. It must not use any values for a named interface that are reserved for vendor extensions.

A strictly conforming application does not require or use any interface, facility, or implementation-defined extension that is not defined in this document in order to be installed or to execute successfully.

Rationale

An LSB conforming application is expected to have no dependencies on any vendor extensions to this document. The most common such extensions are additional function entry points and additional libraries other than the ones defined in this document. If an application requires such extensions, it is not portable, since other LSB conforming implementations may not provide those extensions.

An LSB conforming application is required to use system services on the implementation on which it is running, rather than importing system routines from some other implementation. Thus, it must link dynamically to any routines in the implementation that perform system traps to kernel services.

It is to be expected that some applications may be companion applications to other applications. For example, a query application may be a companion to a database application; a preprocessor may be an adjunct to one or more compilers; a data reformatter may convert data from one document manager to another. In such cases, the application may or may not be LSB conforming, regardless of whether the other application on which it is dependent is LSB conforming. If such an application merely uses data produced by another application, the application's compliance is independent of the other application's compliance. If such an application actually invokes another application during execution (as, for example, a third-party math library), the invoking application is LSB conforming only if it also constitutes a LSB conforming application in combination with the invoked application.

Shell Script

A file that is read by an interpreter (e.g., awk). The first line of the shell script includes a reference to its interpreter binary.


Terminology

can

Describes a permissible optional feature or behavior available to the user or application. The feature or behavior is mandatory for an implementation that conforms to this document. An application can rely on the existence of the feature or behavior.

implementation-defined

Describes a value or behavior that is not defined by this document but is selected by an implementor. The value or behavior may vary among implementations that conform to this document. An application should not rely on the existence of the value or behavior. An application that relies on such a value or behavior cannot be assured to be portable across conforming implementations. The implementor shall document such a value or behavior so that it can be used correctly by an application.

Same as implementation-dependent.

may

Describes a feature or behavior that is optional for an implementation that conforms to this document. An application should not rely on the existence of the feature or behavior. An application that relies on such a feature or behavior cannot be assured to be portable across conforming implementations.

To avoid ambiguity, the opposite of may is expressed as need not, instead of may not.

must

Describes a feature or behavior that is mandatory for an application or user. An implementation that conforms to this document shall support this feature or behavior.

shall

Describes a feature or behavior that is mandatory for an implementation that conforms to this document. An application can rely on the existence of the feature or behavior.

should

For an implementation that conforms to this document, describes a feature or behavior that is recommended but not mandatory. An application should not rely on the existence of the feature or behavior. An application that relies on such a feature or behavior cannot be assured to be portable across conforming implementations.

For an application, describes a feature or behavior that is recommended programming practice for optimum portability.

undefined

Describes the nature of a value or behavior not defined by this document which results from use of an invalid program construct or invalid data input. The value or behavior may vary among implementations that conform to this document. An application should not rely on the existence or validity of the value or behavior. An application that relies on any particular value or behavior cannot be assured to be portable across conforming implementations.

unspecified

Describes the nature of a value or behavior not specified by this document which results from use of a valid program construct or valid data input. The value or behavior may vary among implementations that conform to this document. An application should not rely on the existence or validity of the value or behavior. An application that relies on any particular value or behavior cannot be assured to be portable across conforming implementations.

will

Same meaning as shall; shall is the preferred term.


Chapter 2. Machine Interface


Chapter 16. Libraries

An LSB-conforming implementation shall support some base libraries which provide interfaces for accessing the operating system, processor and other hardware in the system.

Interfaces that are unique to the IA32 platform are defined here. This section should be used in conjunction with the corresponding section in the Linux Standard Base Specification.


Interfaces for libc

The behavior of the interfaces in this library is specified by the following standards.

ISO/IEC 9899: 1999, Programming Languages --C[1]
Large File Support[2]
LI18NUX 2000 Globalization Specification, Version 1.0 with Amendment 4[3]
Linux Standard Base[4]
IEEE Std POSIX.1-1996 [ISO/IEC 9945-1:1996][5]
CAE Specification, February 1997, Networking Services (XNS), Issue 5 (ISBN: 1-85912-165-9, C523)[6]
CAE Specification, January 1997, System Interfaces and Headers (XSH), Issue 5 (ISBN: 1-85912-181-0, C606)[7]
System V Interface Definition, Issue 3 (ISBN 0201566524)[8]
System V Interface Definition,Fourth Edition[9]


System Calls

Table 16-3. libc - System Calls Function Interfaces

__fxstat(GLIBC_2.0)[4]fchown(GLIBC_2.0)[7]ioctl(GLIBC_2.0)[7]readdir(GLIBC_2.0)[7]setsid(GLIBC_2.0)[7]
__getpgid(GLIBC_2.0)[4]fcntl(GLIBC_2.0)[7]kill(GLIBC_2.0)[4]readdir_r(GLIBC_2.0)[7]setuid(GLIBC_2.0)[7]
__lxstat(GLIBC_2.0)[4]fdatasync(GLIBC_2.0)[7]killpg(GLIBC_2.0)[7]readlink(GLIBC_2.0)[7]sleep(GLIBC_2.0)[7]
__xmknod(GLIBC_2.0)[4]flock(GLIBC_2.0)[4]lchown(GLIBC_2.0)[7]readv(GLIBC_2.0)[7]statfs(GLIBC_2.0)[4]
__xstat(GLIBC_2.0)[4]fork(GLIBC_2.0)[7]link(GLIBC_2.0)[7]rename(GLIBC_2.0)[7]statvfs(GLIBC_2.0)[7]
access(GLIBC_2.0)[7]fstatfs(GLIBC_2.0)[4]lockf(GLIBC_2.0)[7]rmdir(GLIBC_2.0)[7]stime(GLIBC_2.0)[4]
acct(GLIBC_2.0)[4]fsync(GLIBC_2.0)[7]lseek(GLIBC_2.0)[7]sbrk(GLIBC_2.0)[7]symlink(GLIBC_2.0)[7]
alarm(GLIBC_2.0)[7]ftime(GLIBC_2.0)[7]mkdir(GLIBC_2.0)[7]sched_get_priority_max(GLIBC_2.0)[7]sync(GLIBC_2.0)[7]
brk(GLIBC_2.0)[7]ftruncate(GLIBC_2.0)[7]mkfifo(GLIBC_2.0)[7]sched_get_priority_min(GLIBC_2.0)[7]sysconf(GLIBC_2.0)[7]
chdir(GLIBC_2.0)[7]getcontext(GLIBC_2.0)[7]mlock(GLIBC_2.0)[7]sched_getparam(GLIBC_2.0)[7]time(GLIBC_2.0)[7]
chmod(GLIBC_2.0)[7]getegid(GLIBC_2.0)[7]mlockall(GLIBC_2.0)[7]sched_getscheduler(GLIBC_2.0)[7]times(GLIBC_2.0)[7]
chown(GLIBC_2.1)[7]geteuid(GLIBC_2.1)[7]mmap(GLIBC_2.1)[7]sched_rr_get_interval(GLIBC_2.1)[7]truncate(GLIBC_2.1)[7]
chroot(GLIBC_2.0)[7]getgid(GLIBC_2.0)[7]mprotect(GLIBC_2.0)[7]sched_setparam(GLIBC_2.0)[7]ulimit(GLIBC_2.0)[7]
clock(GLIBC_2.0)[7]getgroups(GLIBC_2.0)[7]msync(GLIBC_2.0)[7]sched_setscheduler(GLIBC_2.0)[7]umask(GLIBC_2.0)[7]
close(GLIBC_2.0)[7]getitimer(GLIBC_2.0)[7]munlock(GLIBC_2.0)[7]sched_yield(GLIBC_2.0)[7]uname(GLIBC_2.0)[7]
closedir(GLIBC_2.0)[7]getloadavg(GLIBC_2.0)[4]munlockall(GLIBC_2.0)[7]select(GLIBC_2.0)[6]unlink(GLIBC_2.0)[4]
creat(GLIBC_2.0)[7]getpagesize(GLIBC_2.0)[7]munmap(GLIBC_2.0)[7]setcontext(GLIBC_2.0)[7]utime(GLIBC_2.0)[7]
dup(GLIBC_2.0)[7]getpgid(GLIBC_2.0)[7]nanosleep(GLIBC_2.0)[7]setegid(GLIBC_2.0)[4]utimes(GLIBC_2.0)[7]
dup2(GLIBC_2.0)[7]getpgrp(GLIBC_2.0)[7]nice(GLIBC_2.0)[7]seteuid(GLIBC_2.0)[4]vfork(GLIBC_2.0)[7]
execl(GLIBC_2.0)[7]getpid(GLIBC_2.0)[7]open(GLIBC_2.0)[7]setgid(GLIBC_2.0)[7]wait(GLIBC_2.0)[7]
execle(GLIBC_2.0)[7]getppid(GLIBC_2.0)[7]opendir(GLIBC_2.0)[7]setitimer(GLIBC_2.0)[7]wait3(GLIBC_2.0)[7]
execlp(GLIBC_2.0)[7]getpriority(GLIBC_2.0)[7]pathconf(GLIBC_2.0)[7]setpgid(GLIBC_2.0)[7]wait4(GLIBC_2.0)[4]
execv(GLIBC_2.0)[7]getrlimit(GLIBC_2.0)[7]pause(GLIBC_2.0)[7]setpgrp(GLIBC_2.0)[7]waitid(GLIBC_2.0)[7]
execve(GLIBC_2.0)[7]getrusage(GLIBC_2.0)[7]pipe(GLIBC_2.0)[7]setpriority(GLIBC_2.0)[7]waitpid(GLIBC_2.0)[7]
execvp(GLIBC_2.0)[7]getsid(GLIBC_2.0)[7]poll(GLIBC_2.0)[7]setregid(GLIBC_2.0)[7]write(GLIBC_2.0)[7]
exit(GLIBC_2.0)[7]getuid(GLIBC_2.0)[7]pread(GLIBC_2.0)[7]setreuid(GLIBC_2.0)[7]writev(GLIBC_2.0)[7]
fchdir(GLIBC_2.0)[7]getwd(GLIBC_2.0)[7]pwrite(GLIBC_2.0)[7]setrlimit(GLIBC_2.0)[7] 
fchmod(GLIBC_2.0)[7]initgroups(GLIBC_2.0)[4]read(GLIBC_2.0)[7]setrlimit64(GLIBC_2.0)[2] 

Standard I/O

Table 16-4. libc - Standard I/O Function Interfaces

_IO_feof(GLIBC_2.0)[4]fgetpos(GLIBC_2.0)[7]fsetpos(GLIBC_2.0)[7]putc(GLIBC_2.0)[7]snprintf(GLIBC_2.0)[7]
_IO_getc(GLIBC_2.0)[4]fgets(GLIBC_2.0)[7]fstatvfs(GLIBC_2.0)[7]putc_unlocked(GLIBC_2.0)[7]sprintf(GLIBC_2.0)[7]
_IO_putc(GLIBC_2.0)[4]fgetwc_unlocked(GLIBC_2.0)[7]ftell(GLIBC_2.0)[7]putchar(GLIBC_2.0)[7]sscanf(GLIBC_2.0)[7]
_IO_puts(GLIBC_2.0)[4]fileno(GLIBC_2.0)[7]ftello(GLIBC_2.0)[7]putchar_unlocked(GLIBC_2.0)[7]telldir(GLIBC_2.0)[7]
alphasort(GLIBC_2.0)[4]flockfile(GLIBC_2.0)[7]fwrite(GLIBC_2.0)[7]puts(GLIBC_2.0)[7]tempnam(GLIBC_2.0)[7]
clearerr(GLIBC_2.0)[7]fopen(GLIBC_2.0)[7]getc(GLIBC_2.0)[7]putw(GLIBC_2.0)[7]ungetc(GLIBC_2.0)[7]
ctermid(GLIBC_2.0)[7]fprintf(GLIBC_2.0)[7]getc_unlocked(GLIBC_2.0)[7]remove(GLIBC_2.0)[7]vasprintf(GLIBC_2.0)[4]
fclose(GLIBC_2.1)[7]fputc(GLIBC_2.1)[7]getchar(GLIBC_2.1)[7]rewind(GLIBC_2.1)[7]vdprintf(GLIBC_2.1)[4]
fdopen(GLIBC_2.1)[7]fputs(GLIBC_2.1)[7]getchar_unlocked(GLIBC_2.1)[7]rewinddir(GLIBC_2.1)[7]vfprintf(GLIBC_2.1)[7]
feof(GLIBC_2.0)[7]fread(GLIBC_2.0)[7]gets(GLIBC_2.0)[7]scanf(GLIBC_2.0)[7]vprintf(GLIBC_2.0)[7]
ferror(GLIBC_2.0)[7]freopen(GLIBC_2.0)[7]getw(GLIBC_2.0)[7]seekdir(GLIBC_2.0)[7]vsnprintf(GLIBC_2.0)[7]
fflush(GLIBC_2.0)[7]fscanf(GLIBC_2.0)[7]pclose(GLIBC_2.0)[7]setbuf(GLIBC_2.0)[7]vsprintf(GLIBC_2.0)[7]
fflush_unlocked(GLIBC_2.0)[7]fseek(GLIBC_2.0)[7]popen(GLIBC_2.0)[7]setbuffer(GLIBC_2.0)[4]wprintf(GLIBC_2.0)[1]
fgetc(GLIBC_2.0)[7]fseeko(GLIBC_2.0)[7]printf(GLIBC_2.0)[7]setvbuf(GLIBC_2.0)[7]wscanf(GLIBC_2.0)[1]

Standard Library

Table 16-8. libc - Standard Library Function Interfaces

_Exit(GLIBC_2.1.1)[1]erand48(GLIBC_2.1.1)[7]hsearch(GLIBC_2.1.1)[7]lsearch(GLIBC_2.1.1)[7]setstate(GLIBC_2.1.1)[7]
__assert_fail(GLIBC_2.0)[4]err(GLIBC_2.0)[4]htonl(GLIBC_2.0)[6]makecontext(GLIBC_2.0)[7]srand(GLIBC_2.0)[7]
__cxa_atexit(GLIBC_2.1.3)[4]error(GLIBC_2.1.3)[4]htons(GLIBC_2.1.3)[6]malloc(GLIBC_2.1.3)[7]srand48(GLIBC_2.1.3)[7]
__errno_location(GLIBC_2.0)[4]errx(GLIBC_2.0)[4]imaxabs(GLIBC_2.0)[1]memmem(GLIBC_2.0)[4]srandom(GLIBC_2.0)[7]
__fpending(GLIBC_2.2)[4]fcvt(GLIBC_2.2)[7]imaxdiv(GLIBC_2.2)[1]mkstemp(GLIBC_2.2)[7]strtod(GLIBC_2.2)[7]
__getpagesize(GLIBC_2.0)[4]fmtmsg(GLIBC_2.0)[7]inet_addr(GLIBC_2.0)[6]mktemp(GLIBC_2.0)[7]strtol(GLIBC_2.0)[7]
__sysconf(GLIBC_2.2)[4]fnmatch(GLIBC_2.2)[7]inet_aton(GLIBC_2.2)[6]mrand48(GLIBC_2.2)[7]strtoul(GLIBC_2.2)[7]
_exit(GLIBC_2.0)[7]fpathconf(GLIBC_2.0)[7]inet_ntoa(GLIBC_2.0)[6]nftw(GLIBC_2.0)[7]swapcontext(GLIBC_2.0)[7]
_longjmp(GLIBC_2.0)[7]free(GLIBC_2.0)[7]initstate(GLIBC_2.0)[7]nrand48(GLIBC_2.0)[7]syslog(GLIBC_2.0)[7]
_setjmp(GLIBC_2.0)[7]ftrylockfile(GLIBC_2.0)[7]insque(GLIBC_2.0)[7]ntohl(GLIBC_2.0)[6]system(GLIBC_2.0)[4]
a64l(GLIBC_2.0)[7]ftw(GLIBC_2.0)[7]ioperm(GLIBC_2.0)[4]ntohs(GLIBC_2.0)[6]textdomain(GLIBC_2.0)[3]
abort(GLIBC_2.0)[7]funlockfile(GLIBC_2.0)[7]iopl(GLIBC_2.0)[4]openlog(GLIBC_2.0)[7]tfind(GLIBC_2.0)[7]
abs(GLIBC_2.0)[7]gcvt(GLIBC_2.0)[7]isatty(GLIBC_2.0)[7]perror(GLIBC_2.0)[7]tmpfile(GLIBC_2.0)[7]
atexit(GLIBC_2.0)[7]getcwd(GLIBC_2.0)[7]isblank(GLIBC_2.0)[4]posix_memalign(GLIBC_2.0)[5]tmpnam(GLIBC_2.0)[7]
atof(GLIBC_2.0)[7]getdate(GLIBC_2.0)[7]isinf(GLIBC_2.0)[1]ptsname(GLIBC_2.0)[7]tsearch(GLIBC_2.0)[7]
atoi(GLIBC_2.0)[7]getenv(GLIBC_2.0)[7]isinfl(GLIBC_2.0)[1]putenv(GLIBC_2.0)[7]ttyname(GLIBC_2.0)[7]
atol(GLIBC_2.0)[7]getlogin(GLIBC_2.0)[7]isnan(GLIBC_2.0)[1]qsort(GLIBC_2.0)[7]ttyname_r(GLIBC_2.0)[7]
basename(GLIBC_2.0)[7]getopt(GLIBC_2.0)[4]isnanf(GLIBC_2.0)[1]rand(GLIBC_2.0)[7]twalk(GLIBC_2.0)[7]
bindtextdomain(GLIBC_2.0)[3]getopt_long(GLIBC_2.0)[4]isnanl(GLIBC_2.0)[1]rand_r(GLIBC_2.0)[7]unlockpt(GLIBC_2.0)[7]
bsearch(GLIBC_2.0)[7]getopt_long_only(GLIBC_2.0)[4]jrand48(GLIBC_2.0)[7]random(GLIBC_2.0)[7]unsetenv(GLIBC_2.0)[4]
calloc(GLIBC_2.0)[7]getsubopt(GLIBC_2.0)[7]l64a(GLIBC_2.0)[7]random_r(GLIBC_2.0)[4]usleep(GLIBC_2.0)[7]
closelog(GLIBC_2.0)[7]gettimeofday(GLIBC_2.0)[7]labs(GLIBC_2.0)[7]realloc(GLIBC_2.0)[7]verrx(GLIBC_2.0)[4]
confstr(GLIBC_2.0)[7]glob(GLIBC_2.0)[7]lcong48(GLIBC_2.0)[7]realpath(GLIBC_2.0)[7]vsyslog(GLIBC_2.0)[4]
cuserid(GLIBC_2.0)[7]glob64(GLIBC_2.0)[4]ldiv(GLIBC_2.0)[7]remque(GLIBC_2.0)[7]warn(GLIBC_2.0)[4]
daemon(GLIBC_2.0)[4]globfree(GLIBC_2.0)[7]lfind(GLIBC_2.0)[7]seed48(GLIBC_2.0)[7]warnx(GLIBC_2.0)[4]
dirname(GLIBC_2.0)[7]globfree64(GLIBC_2.0)[4]llabs(GLIBC_2.0)[1]setenv(GLIBC_2.0)[4]wordexp(GLIBC_2.0)[7]
div(GLIBC_2.0)[7]grantpt(GLIBC_2.0)[7]lldiv(GLIBC_2.0)[1]sethostid(GLIBC_2.0)[4]wordfree(GLIBC_2.0)[7]
drand48(GLIBC_2.0)[7]hcreate(GLIBC_2.0)[7]longjmp(GLIBC_2.0)[7]sethostname(GLIBC_2.0)[4] 
ecvt(GLIBC_2.0)[7]hdestroy(GLIBC_2.0)[7]lrand48(GLIBC_2.0)[7]setlogmask(GLIBC_2.0)[7] 

Wide Characters

Table 16-13. libc - Wide Characters Function Interfaces

__wcstod_internal(GLIBC_2.0)[4]mbrlen(GLIBC_2.0)[7]vswscanf(GLIBC_2.0)[1]wcsncmp(GLIBC_2.0)[7]wcstoul(GLIBC_2.0)[7]
__wcstof_internal(GLIBC_2.0)[4]mbrtowc(GLIBC_2.0)[7]vwprintf(GLIBC_2.0)[1]wcsncpy(GLIBC_2.0)[7]wcstoull(GLIBC_2.0)[1]
__wcstol_internal(GLIBC_2.0)[4]mbsinit(GLIBC_2.0)[7]vwscanf(GLIBC_2.0)[1]wcsnlen(GLIBC_2.0)[4]wcstoumax(GLIBC_2.0)[1]
__wcstold_internal(GLIBC_2.0)[4]mbsnrtowcs(GLIBC_2.0)[4]wcpcpy(GLIBC_2.0)[4]wcsnrtombs(GLIBC_2.0)[4]wcstouq(GLIBC_2.0)[4]
__wcstoul_internal(GLIBC_2.0)[4]mbsrtowcs(GLIBC_2.0)[7]wcpncpy(GLIBC_2.0)[4]wcspbrk(GLIBC_2.0)[1]wcswcs(GLIBC_2.0)[7]
btowc(GLIBC_2.0)[7]mbstowcs(GLIBC_2.0)[7]wcrtomb(GLIBC_2.0)[7]wcsrchr(GLIBC_2.0)[7]wcswidth(GLIBC_2.0)[7]
fgetwc(GLIBC_2.2)[7]mbtowc(GLIBC_2.2)[7]wcscasecmp(GLIBC_2.2)[4]wcsrtombs(GLIBC_2.2)[7]wcsxfrm(GLIBC_2.2)[7]
fgetws(GLIBC_2.2)[1]putwc(GLIBC_2.2)[1]wcscat(GLIBC_2.2)[7]wcsspn(GLIBC_2.2)[7]wctob(GLIBC_2.2)[7]
fputwc(GLIBC_2.2)[1]putwchar(GLIBC_2.2)[1]wcschr(GLIBC_2.2)[7]wcsstr(GLIBC_2.2)[7]wctomb(GLIBC_2.2)[7]
fputws(GLIBC_2.2)[1]swprintf(GLIBC_2.2)[7]wcscmp(GLIBC_2.2)[7]wcstod(GLIBC_2.2)[7]wctrans(GLIBC_2.2)[7]
fwide(GLIBC_2.2)[1]swscanf(GLIBC_2.2)[1]wcscoll(GLIBC_2.2)[7]wcstof(GLIBC_2.2)[1]wctype(GLIBC_2.2)[7]
fwprintf(GLIBC_2.2)[4]towctrans(GLIBC_2.2)[7]wcscpy(GLIBC_2.2)[7]wcstoimax(GLIBC_2.2)[1]wcwidth(GLIBC_2.2)[7]
fwscanf(GLIBC_2.2)[1]towlower(GLIBC_2.2)[1]wcscspn(GLIBC_2.2)[7]wcstok(GLIBC_2.2)[7]wmemchr(GLIBC_2.2)[7]
getwc(GLIBC_2.2)[1]towupper(GLIBC_2.2)[7]wcsdup(GLIBC_2.2)[4]wcstol(GLIBC_2.2)[7]wmemcmp(GLIBC_2.2)[7]
getwchar(GLIBC_2.2)[7]ungetwc(GLIBC_2.2)[1]wcsftime(GLIBC_2.2)[1]wcstold(GLIBC_2.2)[1]wmemcpy(GLIBC_2.2)[7]
iconv_close(GLIBC_2.1)[7]vfwprintf(GLIBC_2.1)[1]wcslen(GLIBC_2.1)[7]wcstoll(GLIBC_2.1)[1]wmemmove(GLIBC_2.1)[7]
iconv_open(GLIBC_2.1)[7]vfwscanf(GLIBC_2.1)[1]wcsncasecmp(GLIBC_2.1)[4]wcstombs(GLIBC_2.1)[7]wmemset(GLIBC_2.1)[7]
mblen(GLIBC_2.0)[7]vswprintf(GLIBC_2.0)[1]wcsncat(GLIBC_2.0)[7]wcstoq(GLIBC_2.0)[4] 

String Functions

Table 16-14. libc - String Functions Function Interfaces

__mempcpy(GLIBC_2.0)[4]bzero(GLIBC_2.0)[7]strcasestr(GLIBC_2.0)[4]strncasecmp(GLIBC_2.0)[7]strtoimax(GLIBC_2.0)[1]
__rawmemchr(GLIBC_2.1)[4]ffs(GLIBC_2.1)[7]strcat(GLIBC_2.1)[7]strncat(GLIBC_2.1)[7]strtok(GLIBC_2.1)[7]
__stpcpy(GLIBC_2.0)[4]index(GLIBC_2.0)[7]strchr(GLIBC_2.0)[7]strncmp(GLIBC_2.0)[7]strtok_r(GLIBC_2.0)[4]
__strdup(GLIBC_2.0)[4]memccpy(GLIBC_2.0)[7]strcmp(GLIBC_2.0)[7]strncpy(GLIBC_2.0)[7]strtold(GLIBC_2.0)[1]
__strtod_internal(GLIBC_2.0)[4]memchr(GLIBC_2.0)[7]strcoll(GLIBC_2.0)[7]strndup(GLIBC_2.0)[4]strtoll(GLIBC_2.0)[1]
__strtof_internal(GLIBC_2.0)[4]memcmp(GLIBC_2.0)[7]strcpy(GLIBC_2.0)[7]strnlen(GLIBC_2.0)[4]strtoq(GLIBC_2.0)[4]
__strtok_r(GLIBC_2.0)[4]memcpy(GLIBC_2.0)[7]strcspn(GLIBC_2.0)[7]strpbrk(GLIBC_2.0)[7]strtoull(GLIBC_2.0)[1]
__strtol_internal(GLIBC_2.0)[4]memmove(GLIBC_2.0)[7]strdup(GLIBC_2.0)[7]strptime(GLIBC_2.0)[4]strtoumax(GLIBC_2.0)[1]
__strtold_internal(GLIBC_2.0)[4]memrchr(GLIBC_2.0)[4]strerror(GLIBC_2.0)[7]strrchr(GLIBC_2.0)[7]strtouq(GLIBC_2.0)[4]
__strtoll_internal(GLIBC_2.0)[4]memset(GLIBC_2.0)[7]strerror_r(GLIBC_2.0)[4]strsep(GLIBC_2.0)[4]strverscmp(GLIBC_2.0)[4]
__strtoul_internal(GLIBC_2.0)[4]rindex(GLIBC_2.0)[7]strfmon(GLIBC_2.0)[7]strsignal(GLIBC_2.0)[4]strxfrm(GLIBC_2.0)[7]
__strtoull_internal(GLIBC_2.0)[4]stpcpy(GLIBC_2.0)[4]strfry(GLIBC_2.0)[4]strspn(GLIBC_2.0)[7]swab(GLIBC_2.0)[7]
bcmp(GLIBC_2.0)[7]stpncpy(GLIBC_2.0)[4]strftime(GLIBC_2.0)[7]strstr(GLIBC_2.0)[7] 
bcopy(GLIBC_2.0)[7]strcasecmp(GLIBC_2.0)[7]strlen(GLIBC_2.0)[7]strtof(GLIBC_2.0)[1] 

Data Definitions for libc


errno.h




#define EDEADLK	35
#define ENAMETOOLONG	36
#define ENOLCK	37
#define ENOSYS	38
#define ENOTEMPTY	39
#define ELOOP	40
#define ENOMSG	42
#define EIDRM	43
#define ECHRNG	44
#define EL2NSYNC	45
#define EL3HLT	46
#define EL3RST	47
#define ELNRNG	48
#define EUNATCH	49
#define ENOANO	55
#define EBADRQC	56
#define EBADSLT	57
#define EBFONT	59
#define ENOSTR	60
#define ENODATA	61
#define ETIME	62
#define ENOSR	63
#define ENONET	64
#define ENOPKG	65
#define EREMOTE	66
#define ENOLINK	67
#define EADV	68
#define ESRMNT	69
#define ECOMM	70
#define EPROTO	71
#define EMULTIHOP	72
#define EDOTDOT	73
#define EBADMSG	74
#define EOVERFLOW	75
#define ENOTUNIQ	76
#define EBADFD	77
#define EREMCHG	78
#define ELIBACC	79
#define ELIBBAD	80
#define ELIBSCN	81
#define ELIBMAX	82
#define ELIBEXEC	83
#define EILSEQ	84
#define ERESTART	85
#define ESTRPIPE	86
#define EUSERS	87
#define ENOTSOCK	88
#define EDESTADDRREQ	89
#define EMSGSIZE	90
#define EPROTOTYPE	91
#define ENOPROTOOPT	92
#define EPROTONOSUPPORT	93
#define ESOCKTNOSUPPORT	94
#define EOPNOTSUPP	95
#define EPFNOSUPPORT	96
#define EAFNOSUPPORT	97
#define EADDRINUSE	98
#define EADDRNOTAVAIL	99

signal.h




#define SIGUSR1	10
#define SIGUSR2	12
#define SIGSTKFLT	16
#define SIGCHLD	17
#define SIGCONT	18
#define SIGSTOP	19
#define SIGTSTP	20
#define SIGTTIN	21
#define SIGTTOU	22
#define SIGURG	23
#define SIGXCPU	24
#define SIGXFSZ	25
#define SIGVTALRM	26
#define SIGPROF	27
#define SIGWINCH	28
#define SIGIO	29
#define SIGPWR	30
#define SIGSYS	31
#define SIGUNUSED	31
#define SIGBUS	7


























struct _fpreg
{
  unsigned short significand[4];
  unsigned short exponent;
}
 ;
struct _fpxreg
{
  unsigned short significand[4];
  unsigned short exponent;
  unsigned short padding[3];
}
 ;
struct _xmmreg
{
  unsigned long element[4];
}
 ;


struct _fpstate
{
  unsigned long cw;
  unsigned long sw;
  unsigned long tag;
  unsigned long ipoff;
  unsigned long cssel;
  unsigned long dataoff;
  unsigned long datasel;
  struct _fpreg _st[8];
  unsigned short status;
  unsigned short magic;
  unsigned long _fxsr_env[6];
  unsigned long mxcsr;
  unsigned long reserved;
  struct _fpxreg _fxsr_st[8];
  struct _xmmreg _xmm[8];
  unsigned long padding[56];
}
 ;


struct sigcontext
{
  unsigned short gs;
  unsigned short __gsh;
  unsigned short fs;
  unsigned short __fsh;
  unsigned short es;
  unsigned short __esh;
  unsigned short ds;
  unsigned short __dsh;
  unsigned long edi;
  unsigned long esi;
  unsigned long ebp;
  unsigned long esp;
  unsigned long ebx;
  unsigned long edx;
  unsigned long ecx;
  unsigned long eax;
  unsigned long trapno;
  unsigned long err;
  unsigned long eip;
  unsigned short cs;
  unsigned short __csh;
  unsigned long eflags;
  unsigned long esp_at_signal;
  unsigned short ss;
  unsigned short __ssh;
  struct _fpstate fpstate;
  unsigned long oldmask;
  unsigned long cr2;
}
 ;

sys/ioctl.h


#define TIOCNOTTY	0x5422

sys/msg.h






typedef unsigned long msgqnum_t;
typedef unsigned long msglen_t;

sys/shm.h






typedef unsigned long shmatt_t;

ucontext.h






typedef int greg_t;
#define NGREG	19





typedef greg_t gregset_t[19];





struct _libc_fpreg
{
  unsigned short significand[4];
  unsigned short exponent;
}
 ;





struct _libc_fpstate
{
  unsigned long cw;
  unsigned long sw;
  unsigned long tag;
  unsigned long ipoff;
  unsigned long cssel;
  unsigned long dataoff;
  unsigned long datasel;
  struct _libc_fpreg _st[8];
  unsigned long status;
}
 ;
typedef struct _libc_fpstate *fpregset_t;

Interfaces Definitions for libc

Table of Contents
__divdi3 -- mathematic operation
ioperm -- set port input/output permissions
iopl -- change I/O privilege level

__divdi3

Name

__divdi3 -- mathematic operation

Description

__divdi3() divides two DItypes(unsigned ints).

__divdi3 is not in the source standard; it is only in the binary standard.

ioperm

Name

ioperm -- set port input/output permissions

Description

ioperm sets the port access permission bits for the process for num bytes starting from port address from to the value turn_on. The use of ioperm requires root privileges.

Only the first 0x3ff I/O ports can be specified in this manner. For more ports, the iopl function must be used. Permissions are not inherited on fork, but on exec they are. This is useful for giving port access permissions to non-privileged tasks.

Return Value

On success, zero is returned. On error, -1 is returned, and errno is set appropriately.

Notes

Libc5 treats it as a system call and has a prototype in <unistd.h>. Glibc1 does not have a prototype. Glibc2 has a prototype both in <sys/io.h> and in <sys/perm.h>. Avoid the latter, it is available on i386 only.

iopl

Name

iopl -- change I/O privilege level

Description

iopl changes the I/O privilege level of the current process, as specified in level.

This call is necessary to allow 8514-compatible X servers to run under Linux. Since these X servers require access to all 65536 I/O ports, the ioperm call is not sufficient.

In addition to granting unrestricted I/O port access, running at a higher I/O privilege level also allows the process to disable interrupts. This will probably crash the system, and is not recommended.

Permissions are inherited by fork and exec.

The I/O privilege level for a normal process is 0.

Return Value

On success, zero is returned. On error, -1 is returned, and errno is set appropriately.

Errors

EINVAL

level is greater than 3.

EPERM

The current user is not the super-user.

Notes from the Kernel Source

iopl has to be used when you want to access the I/O ports beyond the 0x3ff range: to get the full 65536 ports bitmapped you'd need 8kB of bitmaps/process, which is a bit excessive.

Notes

Libc5 treats it as a system call and has a prototype in <unistd.h>. Glibc1 does not have a prototype. Glibc2 has a prototype both in <sys/io.h> and in <sys/perm.h>. Avoid the latter, it is available on i386 only.


Interfaces for libm

The behavior of the interfaces in this library is specified by the following standards.

ISO/IEC 9899: 1999, Programming Languages --C[10]
CAE Specification, January 1997, System Interfaces and Headers (XSH), Issue 5 (ISBN: 1-85912-181-0, C606)[11]


Math

Table 16-27. libm - Math Function Interfaces

acos(GLIBC_2.0)[11]ceilf(GLIBC_2.0)[10]erfcl(GLIBC_2.0)[10]j1(GLIBC_2.0)[11]remainderl(GLIBC_2.0)[10]
acosf(GLIBC_2.0)[10]ceill(GLIBC_2.0)[10]erff(GLIBC_2.0)[10]j1f(GLIBC_2.0)[10]remquo(GLIBC_2.0)[10]
acosh(GLIBC_2.0)[11]cexp(GLIBC_2.0)[10]erfl(GLIBC_2.0)[10]j1l(GLIBC_2.0)[10]remquof(GLIBC_2.0)[10]
acoshf(GLIBC_2.0)[10]cexpf(GLIBC_2.0)[10]exp(GLIBC_2.0)[11]jn(GLIBC_2.0)[11]remquol(GLIBC_2.0)[10]
acoshl(GLIBC_2.0)[10]cexpl(GLIBC_2.0)[10]expm1(GLIBC_2.0)[11]jnf(GLIBC_2.0)[10]rint(GLIBC_2.0)[11]
acosl(GLIBC_2.0)[10]cimag(GLIBC_2.0)[10]fabs(GLIBC_2.0)[11]jnl(GLIBC_2.0)[10]rintf(GLIBC_2.0)[10]
asin(GLIBC_2.0)[11]cimagf(GLIBC_2.0)[10]fabsf(GLIBC_2.0)[10]ldexp(GLIBC_2.0)[11]rintl(GLIBC_2.0)[10]
asinf(GLIBC_2.0)[10]cimagl(GLIBC_2.0)[10]fabsl(GLIBC_2.0)[10]ldexpf(GLIBC_2.0)[10]round(GLIBC_2.0)[10]
asinh(GLIBC_2.0)[11]clog(GLIBC_2.0)[10]fdim(GLIBC_2.0)[10]ldexpl(GLIBC_2.0)[10]roundf(GLIBC_2.0)[10]
asinhf(GLIBC_2.0)[10]clog10(GLIBC_2.0)[10]fdimf(GLIBC_2.0)[10]lgamma(GLIBC_2.0)[11]roundl(GLIBC_2.0)[10]
asinhl(GLIBC_2.0)[10]clog10f(GLIBC_2.0)[10]fdiml(GLIBC_2.0)[10]lgamma_r(GLIBC_2.0)[10]scalb(GLIBC_2.0)[11]
asinl(GLIBC_2.0)[10]clog10l(GLIBC_2.0)[10]feclearexcept(GLIBC_2.0)[10]lgammaf(GLIBC_2.0)[10]scalbf(GLIBC_2.0)[10]
atan(GLIBC_2.0)[11]clogf(GLIBC_2.0)[10]fegetenv(GLIBC_2.0)[10]lgammaf_r(GLIBC_2.0)[10]scalbl(GLIBC_2.0)[10]
atan2(GLIBC_2.0)[11]clogl(GLIBC_2.0)[10]fegetexceptflag(GLIBC_2.0)[10]lgammal(GLIBC_2.0)[10]scalbln(GLIBC_2.0)[10]
atan2f(GLIBC_2.0)[10]conj(GLIBC_2.0)[10]fegetround(GLIBC_2.0)[10]lgammal_r(GLIBC_2.0)[10]scalblnf(GLIBC_2.0)[10]
atan2l(GLIBC_2.0)[10]conjf(GLIBC_2.0)[10]feholdexcept(GLIBC_2.0)[10]llrint(GLIBC_2.0)[10]scalblnl(GLIBC_2.0)[10]
atanf(GLIBC_2.0)[10]conjl(GLIBC_2.0)[10]feraiseexcept(GLIBC_2.0)[10]llrintf(GLIBC_2.0)[10]scalbn(GLIBC_2.0)[10]
atanh(GLIBC_2.0)[11]copysign(GLIBC_2.0)[10]fesetenv(GLIBC_2.0)[10]llrintl(GLIBC_2.0)[10]scalbnf(GLIBC_2.0)[10]
atanhf(GLIBC_2.0)[10]copysignf(GLIBC_2.0)[10]fesetexceptflag(GLIBC_2.0)[10]llround(GLIBC_2.0)[10]scalbnl(GLIBC_2.0)[10]
atanhl(GLIBC_2.0)[10]copysignl(GLIBC_2.0)[10]fesetround(GLIBC_2.0)[10]llroundf(GLIBC_2.0)[10]significand(GLIBC_2.0)[10]
atanl(GLIBC_2.0)[10]cos(GLIBC_2.0)[11]fetestexcept(GLIBC_2.0)[10]llroundl(GLIBC_2.0)[10]significandf(GLIBC_2.0)[10]
cabs(GLIBC_2.1)[11]cosf(GLIBC_2.1)[10]feupdateenv(GLIBC_2.1)[10]log(GLIBC_2.1)[11]significandl(GLIBC_2.1)[10]
cabsf(GLIBC_2.1)[10]cosh(GLIBC_2.1)[11]finite(GLIBC_2.1)[11]log10(GLIBC_2.1)[11]sin(GLIBC_2.1)[11]
cabsl(GLIBC_2.1)[10]coshf(GLIBC_2.1)[10]finitef(GLIBC_2.1)[10]log1p(GLIBC_2.1)[11]sincos(GLIBC_2.1)[10]
cacos(GLIBC_2.1)[10]coshl(GLIBC_2.1)[10]finitel(GLIBC_2.1)[10]logb(GLIBC_2.1)[11]sincosf(GLIBC_2.1)[10]
cacosf(GLIBC_2.1)[10]cosl(GLIBC_2.1)[10]floor(GLIBC_2.1)[11]lrint(GLIBC_2.1)[10]sincosl(GLIBC_2.1)[10]
cacosh(GLIBC_2.1)[10]cpow(GLIBC_2.1)[10]floorf(GLIBC_2.1)[10]lrintf(GLIBC_2.1)[10]sinf(GLIBC_2.1)[10]
cacoshf(GLIBC_2.1)[10]cpowf(GLIBC_2.1)[10]floorl(GLIBC_2.1)[10]lrintl(GLIBC_2.1)[10]sinh(GLIBC_2.1)[11]
cacoshl(GLIBC_2.1)[10]cpowl(GLIBC_2.1)[10]fma(GLIBC_2.1)[10]lround(GLIBC_2.1)[10]sinhf(GLIBC_2.1)[10]
cacosl(GLIBC_2.1)[10]cproj(GLIBC_2.1)[10]fmaf(GLIBC_2.1)[10]lroundf(GLIBC_2.1)[10]sinhl(GLIBC_2.1)[10]
carg(GLIBC_2.1)[10]cprojf(GLIBC_2.1)[10]fmal(GLIBC_2.1)[10]lroundl(GLIBC_2.1)[10]sinl(GLIBC_2.1)[10]
cargf(GLIBC_2.1)[10]cprojl(GLIBC_2.1)[10]fmax(GLIBC_2.1)[10]matherr(GLIBC_2.1)[10]sqrt(GLIBC_2.1)[11]
cargl(GLIBC_2.1)[10]creal(GLIBC_2.1)[10]fmaxf(GLIBC_2.1)[10]modf(GLIBC_2.1)[11]sqrtf(GLIBC_2.1)[10]
casin(GLIBC_2.1)[10]crealf(GLIBC_2.1)[10]fmaxl(GLIBC_2.1)[10]modff(GLIBC_2.1)[10]sqrtl(GLIBC_2.1)[10]
casinf(GLIBC_2.1)[10]creall(GLIBC_2.1)[10]fmin(GLIBC_2.1)[10]modfl(GLIBC_2.1)[10]tan(GLIBC_2.1)[11]
casinh(GLIBC_2.1)[10]csin(GLIBC_2.1)[10]fminf(GLIBC_2.1)[10]nan(GLIBC_2.1)[10]tanf(GLIBC_2.1)[10]
casinhf(GLIBC_2.1)[10]csinf(GLIBC_2.1)[10]fminl(GLIBC_2.1)[10]nanf(GLIBC_2.1)[10]tanh(GLIBC_2.1)[11]
casinhl(GLIBC_2.1)[10]csinh(GLIBC_2.1)[10]fmod(GLIBC_2.1)[11]nanl(GLIBC_2.1)[10]tanhf(GLIBC_2.1)[10]
casinl(GLIBC_2.1)[10]csinhf(GLIBC_2.1)[10]fmodf(GLIBC_2.1)[10]nearbyint(GLIBC_2.1)[10]tanhl(GLIBC_2.1)[10]
catan(GLIBC_2.1)[10]csinhl(GLIBC_2.1)[10]fmodl(GLIBC_2.1)[10]nearbyintf(GLIBC_2.1)[10]tanl(GLIBC_2.1)[10]
catanf(GLIBC_2.1)[10]csinl(GLIBC_2.1)[10]frexp(GLIBC_2.1)[11]nearbyintl(GLIBC_2.1)[10]tgamma(GLIBC_2.1)[10]
catanh(GLIBC_2.1)[10]csqrt(GLIBC_2.1)[10]frexpf(GLIBC_2.1)[10]nextafter(GLIBC_2.1)[11]tgammaf(GLIBC_2.1)[10]
catanhf(GLIBC_2.1)[10]csqrtf(GLIBC_2.1)[10]frexpl(GLIBC_2.1)[10]nextafterf(GLIBC_2.1)[10]tgammal(GLIBC_2.1)[10]
catanhl(GLIBC_2.1)[10]csqrtl(GLIBC_2.1)[10]gamma(GLIBC_2.1)[11]nextafterl(GLIBC_2.1)[10]trunc(GLIBC_2.1)[10]
catanl(GLIBC_2.1)[10]ctan(GLIBC_2.1)[10]gammaf(GLIBC_2.1)[10]nexttoward(GLIBC_2.1)[10]truncf(GLIBC_2.1)[10]
cbrt(GLIBC_2.0)[11]ctanf(GLIBC_2.0)[10]gammal(GLIBC_2.0)[10]nexttowardf(GLIBC_2.0)[10]truncl(GLIBC_2.0)[10]
cbrtf(GLIBC_2.0)[10]ctanh(GLIBC_2.0)[10]hypot(GLIBC_2.0)[11]nexttowardl(GLIBC_2.0)[10]y0(GLIBC_2.0)[11]
cbrtl(GLIBC_2.0)[10]ctanhf(GLIBC_2.0)[10]hypotf(GLIBC_2.0)[10]pow(GLIBC_2.0)[10]y0f(GLIBC_2.0)[10]
ccos(GLIBC_2.1)[10]ctanhl(GLIBC_2.1)[10]hypotl(GLIBC_2.1)[10]pow10(GLIBC_2.1)[10]y0l(GLIBC_2.1)[10]
ccosf(GLIBC_2.1)[10]ctanl(GLIBC_2.1)[10]ilogb(GLIBC_2.1)[11]pow10f(GLIBC_2.1)[10]y1(GLIBC_2.1)[11]
ccosh(GLIBC_2.1)[10]dremf(GLIBC_2.1)[10]ilogbf(GLIBC_2.1)[10]pow10l(GLIBC_2.1)[10]y1f(GLIBC_2.1)[10]
ccoshf(GLIBC_2.1)[10]dreml(GLIBC_2.1)[10]ilogbl(GLIBC_2.1)[10]powf(GLIBC_2.1)[10]y1l(GLIBC_2.1)[10]
ccoshl(GLIBC_2.1)[10]erf(GLIBC_2.1)[11]j0(GLIBC_2.1)[11]powl(GLIBC_2.1)[10]yn(GLIBC_2.1)[11]
ccosl(GLIBC_2.1)[10]erfc(GLIBC_2.1)[11]j0f(GLIBC_2.1)[10]remainder(GLIBC_2.1)[11]ynf(GLIBC_2.1)[10]
ceil(GLIBC_2.0)[11]erfcf(GLIBC_2.0)[10]j0l(GLIBC_2.0)[10]remainderf(GLIBC_2.0)[10]ynl(GLIBC_2.0)[10]

Interfaces for libpthread

The behavior of the interfaces in this library is specified by the following standards.

Linux Standard Base[12]
CAE Specification, January 1997, System Interfaces and Headers (XSH), Issue 5 (ISBN: 1-85912-181-0, C606)[13]


Posix Threads

Table 16-30. libpthread - Posix Threads Function Interfaces

pthread_attr_destroy(GLIBC_2.0)[13]pthread_attr_setstackaddr(GLIBC_2.0)[13]pthread_getspecific(GLIBC_2.0)[13]pthread_once(GLIBC_2.0)[13]pthread_setcanceltype(GLIBC_2.0)[13]
pthread_attr_getdetachstate(GLIBC_2.0)[13]pthread_attr_setstacksize(GLIBC_2.0)[13]pthread_join(GLIBC_2.0)[13]pthread_rwlock_destroy(GLIBC_2.0)[13]pthread_setconcurrency(GLIBC_2.0)[13]
pthread_attr_getguardsize(GLIBC_2.1)[13]pthread_cancel(GLIBC_2.1)[13]pthread_key_create(GLIBC_2.1)[13]pthread_rwlock_init(GLIBC_2.1)[13]pthread_setschedparam(GLIBC_2.1)[13]
pthread_attr_getinheritsched(GLIBC_2.0)[13]pthread_cond_broadcast(GLIBC_2.0)[13]pthread_key_delete(GLIBC_2.0)[13]pthread_rwlock_rdlock(GLIBC_2.0)[13]pthread_setspecific(GLIBC_2.0)[13]
pthread_attr_getschedparam(GLIBC_2.0)[13]pthread_cond_destroy(GLIBC_2.0)[13]pthread_kill(GLIBC_2.0)[13]pthread_rwlock_timedrdlock(GLIBC_2.0)[13]pthread_sigmask(GLIBC_2.0)[13]
pthread_attr_getschedpolicy(GLIBC_2.0)[13]pthread_cond_init(GLIBC_2.0)[13]pthread_mutex_destroy(GLIBC_2.0)[13]pthread_rwlock_timedwrlock(GLIBC_2.0)[13]pthread_testcancel(GLIBC_2.0)[13]
pthread_attr_getscope(GLIBC_2.0)[13]pthread_cond_signal(GLIBC_2.0)[13]pthread_mutex_init(GLIBC_2.0)[13]pthread_rwlock_tryrdlock(GLIBC_2.0)[13]sem_close(GLIBC_2.0)[13]
pthread_attr_getstackaddr(GLIBC_2.1)[13]pthread_cond_timedwait(GLIBC_2.1)[13]pthread_mutex_lock(GLIBC_2.1)[13]pthread_rwlock_trywrlock(GLIBC_2.1)[13]sem_destroy(GLIBC_2.1)[13]
pthread_attr_getstacksize(GLIBC_2.1)[13]pthread_cond_wait(GLIBC_2.1)[13]pthread_mutex_trylock(GLIBC_2.1)[13]pthread_rwlock_unlock(GLIBC_2.1)[13]sem_getvalue(GLIBC_2.1)[13]
pthread_attr_init(GLIBC_2.1)[13]pthread_condattr_destroy(GLIBC_2.1)[13]pthread_mutex_unlock(GLIBC_2.1)[13]pthread_rwlock_wrlock(GLIBC_2.1)[13]sem_init(GLIBC_2.1)[13]
pthread_attr_setdetachstate(GLIBC_2.0)[13]pthread_condattr_init(GLIBC_2.0)[13]pthread_mutexattr_destroy(GLIBC_2.0)[13]pthread_rwlockattr_destroy(GLIBC_2.0)[13]sem_open(GLIBC_2.0)[13]
pthread_attr_setguardsize(GLIBC_2.1)[13]pthread_create(GLIBC_2.1)[13]pthread_mutexattr_getpshared(GLIBC_2.1)[13]pthread_rwlockattr_getpshared(GLIBC_2.1)[13]sem_post(GLIBC_2.1)[13]
pthread_attr_setinheritsched(GLIBC_2.0)[13]pthread_detach(GLIBC_2.0)[13]pthread_mutexattr_gettype(GLIBC_2.0)[13]pthread_rwlockattr_init(GLIBC_2.0)[13]sem_timedwait(GLIBC_2.0)[12]
pthread_attr_setschedparam(GLIBC_2.0)[13]pthread_equal(GLIBC_2.0)[13]pthread_mutexattr_init(GLIBC_2.0)[13]pthread_rwlockattr_setpshared(GLIBC_2.0)[13]sem_trywait(GLIBC_2.0)[13]
pthread_attr_setschedpolicy(GLIBC_2.0)[13]pthread_exit(GLIBC_2.0)[13]pthread_mutexattr_setpshared(GLIBC_2.0)[13]pthread_self(GLIBC_2.0)[13]sem_unlink(GLIBC_2.0)[13]
pthread_attr_setscope(GLIBC_2.0)[13]pthread_getschedparam(GLIBC_2.0)[13]pthread_mutexattr_settype(GLIBC_2.0)[13]pthread_setcancelstate(GLIBC_2.0)[13]sem_wait(GLIBC_2.0)[13]

Data Definitions for libpthread


signal.h




#define SIGUSR1	10
#define SIGUSR2	12
#define SIGSTKFLT	16
#define SIGCHLD	17
#define SIGCONT	18
#define SIGSTOP	19
#define SIGTSTP	20
#define SIGTTIN	21
#define SIGTTOU	22
#define SIGURG	23
#define SIGXCPU	24
#define SIGXFSZ	25
#define SIGVTALRM	26
#define SIGPROF	27
#define SIGWINCH	28
#define SIGIO	29
#define SIGPWR	30
#define SIGSYS	31
#define SIGUNUSED	31
#define SIGBUS	7


























struct _fpreg
{
  unsigned short significand[4];
  unsigned short exponent;
}
 ;
struct _fpxreg
{
  unsigned short significand[4];
  unsigned short exponent;
  unsigned short padding[3];
}
 ;
struct _xmmreg
{
  unsigned long element[4];
}
 ;


struct _fpstate
{
  unsigned long cw;
  unsigned long sw;
  unsigned long tag;
  unsigned long ipoff;
  unsigned long cssel;
  unsigned long dataoff;
  unsigned long datasel;
  struct _fpreg _st[8];
  unsigned short status;
  unsigned short magic;
  unsigned long _fxsr_env[6];
  unsigned long mxcsr;
  unsigned long reserved;
  struct _fpxreg _fxsr_st[8];
  struct _xmmreg _xmm[8];
  unsigned long padding[56];
}
 ;


struct sigcontext
{
  unsigned short gs;
  unsigned short __gsh;
  unsigned short fs;
  unsigned short __fsh;
  unsigned short es;
  unsigned short __esh;
  unsigned short ds;
  unsigned short __dsh;
  unsigned long edi;
  unsigned long esi;
  unsigned long ebp;
  unsigned long esp;
  unsigned long ebx;
  unsigned long edx;
  unsigned long ecx;
  unsigned long eax;
  unsigned long trapno;
  unsigned long err;
  unsigned long eip;
  unsigned short cs;
  unsigned short __csh;
  unsigned long eflags;
  unsigned long esp_at_signal;
  unsigned short ss;
  unsigned short __ssh;
  struct _fpstate fpstate;
  unsigned long oldmask;
  unsigned long cr2;
}
 ;

Appendix A. Alphabetical Listing of Interfaces


Appendix B. GNU Free Documentation License

Version 1.1, March 2000

Copyright (C) 2000 Free Software Foundation, Inc. 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.


APPLICABILITY AND DEFINITIONS

This License applies to any manual or other work that contains a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it can be distributed under the terms of this License. The "Document", below, refers to any such manual or work. Any member of the public is a licensee, and is addressed as "you".

A "Modified Version" of the Document means any work containing the Document or a portion of it, either copied verbatim, or with modifications and/or translated into another language.

A "Secondary Section" is a named appendix or a front-matter section of the Document that deals exclusively with the relationship of the publishers or authors of the Document to the Document's overall subject (or to related matters) and contains nothing that could fall directly within that overall subject. (For example, if the Document is in part a textbook of mathematics, a Secondary Section may not explain any mathematics.) The relationship could be a matter of historical connection with the subject or with related matters, or of legal, commercial, philosophical, ethical or political position regarding them.

The "Invariant Sections" are certain Secondary Sections whose titles are designated, as being those of Invariant Sections, in the notice that says that the Document is released under this License.

The "Cover Texts" are certain short passages of text that are listed, as Front-Cover Texts or Back-Cover Texts, in the notice that says that the Document is released under this License.

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  5. Add an appropriate copyright notice for your modifications adjacent to the other copyright notices.

  6. Include, immediately after the copyright notices, a license notice giving the public permission to use the Modified Version under the terms of this License, in the form shown in the Addendum below.

  7. Preserve in that license notice the full lists of Invariant Sections and required Cover Texts given in the Document's license notice.

  8. Include an unaltered copy of this License.

  9. Preserve the section entitled "History", and its title, and add to it an item stating at least the title, year, new authors, and publisher of the Modified Version as given on the Title Page. If there is no section entitled "History" in the Document, create one stating the title, year, authors, and publisher of the Document as given on its Title Page, then add an item describing the Modified Version as stated in the previous sentence.

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The author(s) and publisher(s) of the Document do not by this License give permission to use their names for publicity for or to assert or imply endorsement of any Modified Version.


FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE

The Free Software Foundation may publish new, revised versions of the GNU Free Documentation License from time to time. Such new versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to address new problems or concerns. See http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/.

Each version of the License is given a distinguishing version number. If the Document specifies that a particular numbered version of this License "or any later version" applies to it, you have the option of following the terms and conditions either of that specified version or of any later version that has been published (not as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation. If the Document does not specify a version number of this License, you may choose any version ever published (not as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation.

Notes

[1]

ISO/IEC 9899: 1999, Programming Languages --C

[2]

Large File Support

[3]

LI18NUX 2000 Globalization Specification, Version 1.0 with Amendment 4

[4]

Linux Standard Base

[5]

IEEE Std POSIX.1-1996 [ISO/IEC 9945-1:1996]

[6]

CAE Specification, February 1997, Networking Services (XNS), Issue 5 (ISBN: 1-85912-165-9, C523)

[7]

CAE Specification, January 1997, System Interfaces and Headers (XSH), Issue 5 (ISBN: 1-85912-181-0, C606)

[8]

System V Interface Definition, Issue 3 (ISBN 0201566524)

[9]

System V Interface Definition,Fourth Edition

[10]

ISO/IEC 9899: 1999, Programming Languages --C

[11]

CAE Specification, January 1997, System Interfaces and Headers (XSH), Issue 5 (ISBN: 1-85912-181-0, C606)

[12]

Linux Standard Base

[13]

CAE Specification, January 1997, System Interfaces and Headers (XSH), Issue 5 (ISBN: 1-85912-181-0, C606)